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History and Heritage

As the buffer between England and Scotland, Northumberland’s location has shaped a history of iconic battles and conflict. Roman invasions and Viking attacks have resulted in stunning castles and landmarks for you to feast your eyes on.

It’s all in our history

Every inch of Northumberland hides a piece of history and heritage. The buffer between England and Scotland, Northumberland’s very geographic location has shaped a history of violence and conflict.

The legacy of Northumberland’s embattled past can still be seen today through the region’s historic sites. From the incredible architecture of ancient castles, to 73-miles of Hadrian’s Wall, the county’s heritage sites are a reminder of the many conflicts that have been and gone.

From the Roman invasion 2,000 years ago, Northumberland has witnessed plundering Viking attacks, seen Anglo Saxon kings fight to the death protecting their kingdom and set the scene for murderous raids by the notorious Border Reivers. There have been territorial battles between England and Scotland which saw the border town of Berwick-upon-Tweed change sides 13 times.

The legacy of Northumberland’s embattled past can still be seen today. There are more castles than any other county in England within its boundaries. The Roman megastructure of Hadrian’s Wall snakes for 73-miles across high volcanic ridges while the forts and pele towers peppered throughout Northumberland’s now peaceful and scenic countryside are a reminder of centuries-old carnage.

The past is everywhere you look in Northumberland. The best way to discover it is to explore its ancient sites, battlefields, castles, museums and stately homes.

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Museums

Roman Army Museum (Carvoran) Hadrian's Wall

Greenhead
Lying in magnificent countryside next to a sweeping section of Hadrian's Wall and based at the site of Carvoran Roman Fort.
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Historic sites

Vindolanda (Chesterholm) Hadrian's Wall

Bardon Mill
Visit Roman Vindolanda today and you will find one of the North East’s most famous and not to be missed tourist attractions lying in the beautiful landscape of Hadrian's Wall Country.
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Historic sites

Alnwick Castle

Alnwick
The second largest inhabited castle in the UK, home to the Percy family for 700 years and filming location.
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Wednesday 01 Jan 2025 - Wednesday 31 Dec 2025

Corbridge Roman Town (Hadrian's Wall)

12:58 PM
Visitors to Corbridge Roman Town can walk along the main street of this Roman garrison town, flanked by the remains of granaries, a fountain house, markets, workshops and temples.
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Historic sites

Belsay Hall, Castle and Gardens

Belsay
Prepare to be enchanted by Belsay's Grecian architecture, medieval castle, and thirty acres of outstanding gardens.
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Historic sites

Heatherslaw Corn Mill

Ford and Etal Estate
Restored working 19thC cornmill, producing stoneground wholemeal flour and stocking a range of cereals. Exhibitions and demonstrations daily, produce available in gift shop and tearoom.
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Saturday 08 Feb 2025 - Wednesday 31 Dec 2025

Bamburgh Castle

09:00 AM
Experience a different level of Northumberland at England's finest fortress Bamburgh Castle, home of the real Last Kingdom of Bebbanburg.
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Great Outdoors

Kielder Castle Visitor Centre

Kielder
Please note: Kielder Castle is currently closed due to major renovation works. The Street Diner, information point and Zog Trail are now open.
Historic sites

Cherryburn: Thomas Bewick Birthplace Museum

Mickley
Birthplace and childhood home of Thomas Bewick, master wood-engraver, artist and natural history author.
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Historic sites

St Cuthberts Cross

Alnmouth
Said to be the location where St Cuthbert agreed to become Bishop of Lindisfarne when petitioned by the king.

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